Pesach - A Time "Four" Reality

On Pesach evening, we read from the Haggadah. Thisturned out that Ishmael was also born. Abraham loved
perfectly formulated ordered book is said to includeIshmael too - after all, he was his son (and his eldest at
the very secrets of the entire world. It seems like athat!) Yet Isaac was the son born to his true wife -
conglomeration of totally disconnected points. Yet toSarah - who he had truly longed to have a son with.
the discerning eye - and of course the seasonedWhen Sarah saw that Ishmael would be a problem for
Torah scholar, the story of the Exodus - the Jewishher son Isaac, she told Abraham that the boy must be
people's leaving the land of Egypt to go towards truesent away. Abraham - due to his love for the boy,
freedom, the Land of Israel with the Torah itself - iswas not happy with the decision and wanted to let the
perfectly told, no matter how it looks on the surface.lad live with them and be a part of the Abraham
For this reason, perhaps, the Haggadah is the chosendynasty. Sarah wants him out!
method of sharing the story - rather than, for example,Naturally we see the truth of Sarah - and the problem
simply opening the book of Exodus and reading it fromthat Abraham faced. Abraham lived in a world of
beginning to end.fantasy - one where even an Ishmael can live
Today, in fact, there are so many Haggadot availableharmoniously with his "brother" Isaac. Sarah saw the
that just about every great Torah scholar who hastruth - the reality. In this physical world filled with
ever lived has his very own Haggadah. You'll seephysical things (and weapons too!) Ishmael can simply
Haggadot with pictures of the Ben Ish Chai (Rabbinot live with Isaac. How true Sarah's feelings were,
Yosef Chaim of Baghdad) on them, Haggadot withand how false were Abraham's insights into what
pictures of Rabbi Yisrael Yaakov Kanievsky (theIshmael would become. Of course, Abraham was on a
Steipler) on them, Haggadot with a variety of otherstature of spiritual holiness that nobody in today's
great Torah scholars, Tzaddikim and giants - eachgeneration can understand. His insight into his son was
apparently having written his own Haggadah. Ofnot for nothing. To him, Ishmael had some very
course, this is not true. Rather these Haggadot simplybeautiful qualities - and for this, he loved him. But that is
contain many of the teachings that these giantsthe world of fantasy (a world of truth in the spiritual
shared about the Haggadah and hence theserealms) - not reality! Sarah - the woman, saw the
Haggadot are named after them - so to speak.reality.
The novel ideas found in the Haggadah are so manyIsaac on the other hand had two sons who shared a
that were one to begin collating every Haggadahcommon goal - to work with each other. Esau was to
available and publishing just one complete version -be involved in work, while Jacob studied Torah. What
would mean nothing less than a Guiness world recorda noble thing for brothers to do - working together for
for the largest book in the world! It's no wonder thateach other's good. Isaac loved Esau, even more than
the Haggadah speaks of the importance of reciting thishe did Jacob. Yet Rebecca loved Jacob more.
story on the night of Pesach, "Even if we were allThe truth is that Esau did have an important role to
wise people, understanding people, even if we all knewperform and he was certainly a great student of
the entire Torah, even if we were all old... still we wouldTorah... only he had a bad side to him. He enjoyed killing
be obligated to tell the story of the Exodus fromothers in cold blood, stealing from others, and raping
Egypt... and all who tell more - that one isthose who pleased him to rape. What with all the
praiseworthy!" And much to tell - there certainly is.realities of Esau's life - the life of Jacob - a man
It is a sad point in our day, when so many feel that thestudying Torah all day was far more pleasant in the
recital of the four questions fulfils one's obligation - ifeyes of his mother Rebecca. Yet Isaac was no fool
one manages to even get that far. In fact, so manyeither. What he saw in Esau were some very special
are already such experts in the "old" traditional story ofqualities (aside from his killing, robbery and raping!) In the
the Exodus - that the night of Pesach may be noTorah of Chassidus, one can truly see the good side
greater than a night of eating a few unleavenedof Esau and there is much to learn from him.
pieces of bread (reluctantly), if they will actually be atIn the world of fantasy - of course, Esau was and is
the table at all.really a very good man. It's just that when his soul
With so much to share, I'd like to take just one snippetcomes into this physical world, it leashes itself out in
in the Haggadah with the hope that those reading thisevery physical manner it can think of! But, if he is a son
will think through a central idea that the Seder highlightsof Isaac - he must surely be someone very special.
- that Pesach highlights and that of course theIsaac knows that. Rebecca does too... but she's real.
Haggadah itself highlights.She realises that Esau will never share with his brother
On Pesach - the Haggadah says - one does not fulfilJacob, and while the team of brothers may be a good
one's obligation until one says three things "Pesach,thing in the world of fantasy (the spiritual realms), in the
Matza, Maror". In fact these three things are the keysworld of reality (this world - the physical) - Esau will
to the entire Seder. They represent the essence ofsimply run off with the goods, leaving Jacob to fend
what being Jewish is really all about. They representfor himself! Being in the tents of Torah won't help him
the way of the world, and there is much to say aboutpay his bills much - and Rebecca realises this. That is
what each of these really is.why she arranges things so that Jacob receives the
Pesach - the Passover sacrificial lamb represents theblessing from Isaac - the one "due" for Esau.
freedom of the Jewish people from slavery. When theThe fantasy man - Isaac, lives in world of fantasy
Temple stood, this lamb would be the lamb preparedgoodness. Wonderful. But in the world of reality - the
for the main meal. It represents everything we'reworld of women (who bring things into this world in a
hoping for today - true freedom. Our not being able tovery real way, not leaving the exalted thoughts of
eat it is surely a sign of the sadness of where we areTorah to pay the bills...) is a world of reality. Esau can
at today - being unable to have a Temple and trulysimply not get the blessing. It must go to Jacob!
connect with G-d and experience absolute G dliness.Apparently our forefathers were similar, and Jacob -
Those who would know what this feeling is, wouldeven with his own difficulties, did not see what would
certainly do nothing less than observe every one ofhappen to him - making him make the same mistake!
the 613 commandments without blinking an eyelid. TheWhen Jacob fell in love - it was with Rachel. He
fact that so many lack the appreciation of the Mitzvotwished to marry her and was actually going to go
is about as good a proof as any that our loss of thethrough it all, until her sister Leah ended up getting
Temple, means our loss of freedom - of knowing whomixed in to the ceremony due to her father Lavan's
G-d is, and connecting with Him. Naturally the Paschalintervention. Could the marriage have been diverted?
sacrifice was the very thing that the Jewish peopleCertainly. The Torah teaches that it was in fact Rachel
were heading towards with their leaving Egypt, as theyherself - who gave over the special wedding signs she
prepared these lambs four days before leaving Egypt,had arranged with Jacob before - to her sister Leah,
an absolute insult to the Egyptians who worshippedso that when they met under the Chupah, Jacob
these animals on a daily basis. Yet, they were helplesswould think he was marrying Rachel. The scheme
to stop the Jewish people from continuing with theirworked, and come what may - Jacob was destined
plan of leaving the land of Egypt.to marry Leah first.
The Matza represents our having left Egypt in a hurry.Shouldn't Rachel have simply kept quiet and let Jacob
The Jewish people fled Egypt in a hurry and did notmarry her first? She loved him too! Why did she do
have time to wait for the dough to rise. Matzathis?! Without going into detail, let us consider just one
represents this enthusiasm which we each need topoint which we can meditate over for years and
keep with us when engaged in the commandments ofnever get to appreciate even then! Even with the
the Torah. Those lazy and not wanting to learn or do,tremendous self-sacrifice of Rachel, it was to Leah
are true slaves to the world around them - not realisingthat the blessing went to be the mother of the
that there is a task ahead to refine this world. ThisMoshiach. Leah's fourth child - Judah - would be the
must be done with haste!father of Moshiach. Had she not married Jacob, one
The Maror represents the bitterness of the Jewishwonders - if in the cosmic sense of things - if indeed
people that they underwent while in Egypt. It was not aMoshiach would have come through Rachel. After all, it
pleasant state to be in, and we must foreverseems, G-d wanted the Messiah to come directly
remember what true slavery feels like. Once again,through Judah - who was to be born to Leah.
today we are faced with the eating of Maror on aMore than this, the entire mystery of going into Egypt
daily basis, though most seem to enjoy the taste. Theand coming out again was based upon the order of
lives we live without the Temple - are lives withoutmarriage of the two sisters. After all, Joseph became
much meaning - save for those moments when thethe youngest son (save for Benjamin at the time) who
treat of Torah learning and practise takes us out ofwould be tormented by his brothers, sent into Egypt
exile and brings us directly back to G-d. Those eatingand then become viceroy and be responsible for
real raw "chrain" - with their eyes shedding tears assaving Egypt and many other lands too, and ultimately
the burn goes right through their systems - should dobringing real redemption for the entire Jewish people.
well to remember that this is the real state of affairsHad Joseph been born first, the brothers would not
for the soul today. A life of Maror is certainly not ahave behaved to him as they did (he would now have
pleasant one, and one from which we must all runbeen the eldest son!) which would have meant that he
from as fast as we can.would not have gone down to Egypt. And of course,
Running from Egypt - the Matza and Maror - must bewhen the famine did eventually come, there would not
with the sole goal in mind of that Paschal lamb - truebe a Joseph in Egypt ready to save the entire Jewish
freedom with the Temple and an overwhelmingpeople!
influence of G-d's presence being felt around usRachel of course - with her Divine inspiration knew this.
continually. What a goal to strive for and desire andJacob did not. In the world of fantasy - Jacob's world,
pray for continually.things could work out well by marrying Rachel first. But
But still, there is a problem with the above points. Thein reality, this just could not take place - not in a
Haggadah tells us that anybody who does not sayphysical world filled with impurity and much more.
these three things on Pesach does not fulfil his/her3 represents the men - caught up in worlds of fantasy
Pesach obligations. Yes, these three things represent- where much can be, but what with a 3 legged chair -
the crux of what Pesach is all about. But for ONEa slight kick and it can all fall down! The number four
thing...represents women who ground everything into reality -
Pesach is not about threes. It's about fours! Oninto the physical world. This is why we have 3
Pesach, we ask four questions. We drink four cups offorefathers, and 4 foremothers. This is a short insight
wine. There are four expressions used in the Torah tointo our great Fathers and Mothers.
declare our freedom. Actually as one works throughPesach is a night of fours - except of course for the
the Haggadah the number 4 stands out again andTHREE things we must say. What then of the fourth?!
again - except of course for here! The HaggadahThis is exactly the point... the fourth thing is just this.
speaks of only three things. One is left to wonderThere are three things that one must SAY to fulfil
what exactly is missing!one's obligation. The fourth thing is speech - of actually
The numbers 3 and 4 are both highly significant (as alldoing and saying something. One can fantasize about
numbers are!) We know that the Jewish people haveMatza, Pesach and Marror as much as one wants to.
3 forefathers and 4 foremothers. Why?One can come up with the best and deepest thoughts
The number 3 can be compared to a stool that oneabout each of these things. But without actually making
may sit on. It has three legs. One sits comfortably onsomething of them (leaving them simply in the air
the chair, and it supports one. Yet, the truth is that withliterally) one does not fulfil one's obligation.
a bump in the wrong direction, the stool will topple over.Life is not about philosophy, of thinking about things -
3 works well. But when it comes to true sturdiness, 3no matter how lofty they are. Life is about doing, of
is unacceptable, and we need something with 4 legs. Amaking something happen because of speaking and
proper dining room chair will have four legs. A table willbecause of doing. Fantasy works well when people
have four legs.want to simply show how great they are, but the
The number 3 can certainly work... but four? Four isreality of life is far deeper, it's about speaking things -
better! It somehow just keeps the support ofto put into action.
something so that even a kick won't knock it over. ItThe Seder is not about some story that happened
will still stand strong.thousands of years ago that we already all know
Indeed 3 speaks about a fantasy world of what can(from the many years we've been through it before.)
work... but doesn't really. 4 speaks about a world ofIt's all about doing it again. Of saying everything again.
reality. At the end of the day, while the 3 legged chairOf eating the Matza and Maror again!!! Just like Torah
will get the job done, it is the four legged chair that willtoo, which is about doing everything again and again.
be the most widely used.There is never enough of it, and each time there is
Our 3 forefathers - Abraham, Isaac and Jacob,something new. But it is only when we put ourselves
likewise represent a world of fantasy. There isinto Torah and Mitzvot that we actually begin to see
something missing in all of their lives, something whichjust how much is involved.
only the foremothers are able to latch on to. While theThere is no getting out of it. This is the physical world,
forefathers are living in worlds of fantasy, thea world of reality. A world of four. A world of speech
foremothers live in the world of reality.and action. Being at a Seder is simply not good
Abraham's life ends up with him being comfortableenough. It's about doing everything, the right way -
having a child through a woman other than his wife (i.e.completely from beginning to end. It's about speaking it
Hagar.) While intrinsically the boy born of thisout and learning what Torah and G-d are all about -
relationship - Ishmael - could be a good son, the truth isand of course what a Jewish soul is. What is means
that something goes terribly wrong with him and histo be a slave (as we should know only too well) and
descendants who continue to fight with the Jewishwhat it means to be truly free - something that can
people to this day. Yitzchak - the son born toonly happen with the holding on to the Torah and her
Abraham and Sarah is really the only son that shouldcommandments.
have been born, but due to circumstances, things